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Old 09-30-2007, 03:41 AM
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Default question about renal function
can someone tell me the difference between acute/chronic renal failure versus acute/chronic renal insufficiency versus azotemia?
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Old 12-14-2007, 09:26 AM
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Renal Failure


Kidney Functions:
  • Remove toxic waste products
  • Remove excess water and salts
  • Play a part in controlling blood pressure
  • Produce erythropoetin (epo) which stimulates red cell production
  • Helps to keep calcium and phosphate in balance for healthy bones
  • Maintains proper pH for the blood

Terms:
  • Azotemia: Elevated blood urea nitrogen
    (BUN>28mg/dL) & Creatinine (Cr>1.5mg/dL)
  • Uremia: azotemia with symptoms or signs of renal failure
  • End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): uremia requiring transplantation or dialysis
  • Chronic Renal Failure (CRF): irreversible kidney dysfunction with azotemia >3 mos.
  • Creatinine Clearance (CCr): rate of filtration of creatinine by the kidney (marker for GFR)
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR): the total rate of filtration of blood by the kidney.

Acute Renal Failure:
  • Prerenal azotemia
    An abnormally high level of nitrogen-type wastes in the bloodstream. It is caused by conditions that reduce blood flow to the kidneys.
  • Postrenal azotemia
    An obstruction of some kind (i.e., bladder cancer, uric acid crystals, urethral stricture etc)
  • Intrinsic Renal Disease
    Usually glomerular disease
    Usually leads to End Stage Renal Disease

Stages of Chronic Renal Failure:
  • Silent – GFR up to 50 ml/min.
  • Renal insufficiency – GFR 25 to 50 ml/min.
  • Renal failure – GFR 5 to 25 ml/min
  • End-stage renal failure – GFR less than 5 ml/min.

Uremic Syndrome:
Uremia occurs in stage 3 & 4 of CRF. It means literally “urine in the blood”
  • Symptomatic azotemia
  • Fever, Malaise
  • Anorexia, Nausea
  • Mild neural dysfunction
  • Uremic pruritus (itching)
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Old 08-20-2008, 07:41 PM
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Very nice presentation..Thanx 4 making it this easily "readable"
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