Hegar's sign

Hegar's sign is an indication of pregnancy in a woman, specifically the compressibility and softening of the cervical isthmus (the portion of the cervix between the uterus and the vaginal portion of the cervix) and the uterine cervix appearing bluish and engorged.

The sign is usually present during second and third months of pregnancy from the fourth to sixth week. It is not a positive indicator of pregnancy, and its absence does not exclude pregnancy.

The indicator was originally described by Ernst Ludwig Alfred Hegar, a German gynecologist, in 1895. Hegar credits one of his students for discovering the sign.

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"Deep sulcus sign"

Seen in Pneumothorax (Spontaneous)

On supine Chest X Ray there is the presence of a deep, tongue-like, and abnormally radiolucent costophrenic sulcus

Homan's sign

Involves the forced plantar flexion of the ankle and may be positive for pain. The classical description for deep vein thrombosis- pain, redness, and a positive Homan's sign are inconsistently found and cannot be solely relied on.

Grey Turner sign

Local areas Ecchymosis appearing in both flanks

It is due to extensive retro-peritoneal bleeding and typically occurs in haemorrhagic pancreatitis (subcutaneous tracking of inflammatory, peripancreatic exudate from the pancreatic area of the retroperitoneum) but can also occur in ruptured aortic aneurysm and in a variety of other conditions complicated by a retro-peritoneal bleed, eg malignancy or coagulation disorder.

Kehr sign

Abdominal pain radiation to left shoulder and proximal one third of the left arm

Due to the presence of blood or other irritant in the peritoneal cavity, which is irritating the diaphragm and the phrenic nerve

Can be due to Spleen rupture or Ectopic pregnancy

Ballance's sign

The presence of a dull percussion note in both flanks, constant on the left side but shifting with change of position on the right, said to indicate ruptured spleen; the dullness is due to the presence of blood, fluid on the right side but coagulated on the left.

Allis' sign

A clinical sign in fracture of the neck of the femur in which the trochanter rides up and relaxes the fascia lata so that a finger can be sunk deeply between the great trochanter and the ilica crest.

Fothergill's sign

In rectus sheath haematoma, the haematoma produces a mass that does not cross the midline and remains palpable when the rectus muscle is tense.

Gorlin's sign

Unusual ease in touching the tip of the nose with the tongue.

Seen in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Bulging fissure sign

Upper lobar consolidation with a bowing fissure

Seen in Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. There have been case reports of this sign in Legionella pneumonia